In recent years, rapid advancements have taken place in dental science. Physiology as the mother subject in medicine has equal relevance in dentistry as applicable in modern medicine. This revised and enlarged edition of the practical book for dental students describes the core concepts and principles of practical physiology and has all relevant human and clinical practicals; the practicals on hematology have been thoroughly updated. It is now in two-colour to enhance the visual impact. The illustrations have been revised and redrawn, and several new colour photographs have been added to clearly demonstrate the methods in conducting the tests.
Dr Gopal Krushna Pal, MBBS, MD, MABMS, FABMS, FABAP, FSAB, AB, is Professor of the Department of Physiology, Head of the Advance Center of Yoga, and Registrar (Academic), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry. Dr Pal completed his graduation and training in medicine at VSS Medical College, Sambalpur University, Orissa, in 1987. He did his MD (1988–1991) in Physiology from JIPMER, Pondicherry. Dr Pal has been teaching physiology for more than two decades and has specialised in neurophysiology, cardio-respiratory physiology, endocrinology and immunohematology. His special research experience is in neurophysiology of food and water intake, regulation of body weight and yoga. Both as a student and researcher, Dr Pal has been the recipient of several awards and honours, including the Shyamabati Dubey Award, Dr N Padmanabhan Memorial Award, the A V Tilak Parvathy Devi Prize, ICMR Scientist Award for Biomedical Research, the Dr D S Munagekar Award from the Indian Medical Association, SIRI Research Award, Dr Sushila Thakur Prakriti Mandir Prize, the Professor RC Shukla Oration Award of APPI, the Prof. JN Maitra Memorial Oration Award, the Dr ML Gupta Prize of APPI and the Dr BK Anand Research Prize of APPI. For his contribution to the field of research, the New York Academy of Sciences has nominated him as honorary member of the academy. Dr Pal was editor-in-chief of the journal Biomedicine (2006–09) and editor of Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (2009–14), and is also an expert reviewer for many national and international journals. Currently, Dr Pal is Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology (IJCEP).
Dr Pravati Pal, MBBS, MD, MABMS, is Professor of Physiology in JIPMER, Pondicherry. She obtained her MBBS degree from VSS Medical College, Sambalpur University, Orissa, in 1993 and MD in Physiology from JIPMER, Pondicherry, in 1998. She has been actively involved in teaching and research in physiology. Her fields of interest are electrophysiology, physiology of nerve and muscle, endocrinology and neurophysiology. Dr Pal has had an outstanding academic and research career. For her exceptional performance at the MD examination, she was awarded distinction. She was also awarded the Vaithilingam Venkatasubba Reddiar Medal by Pondicherry University for her performance in the postgraduate examination. For the best research work in physiology, she received the Dr N Padmanabhan Memorial Award from the Indian Association of Biomedical Scientists in the year 1998. She has published many research papers in national and international journals. Dr Pal has received the coveted Prof K P Puthuraya Award of APPI for best teacher in physiology for the year 2012.
Acknowledgements Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition General Introduction General Laboratory Instructions
Section I: Hematology 1. Introduction to Hematology 2. Collection of Blood Samples 3. Estimation of Hemoglobin Concentration 4. Determination of Hematocrit 5. Study of the Compound Microscope 6. Hemocytometry 7. Total RBC Count 8. Determination of Red Blood Cell Indices 9. Total Leucocyte Count 10. Preparation and Examination of Blood Smear 11. Differential Leucocyte Count 12. Arneth Count 13. Absolute Eosinophil Count 14. Determination of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 15. Determination of Blood Group 16. Osmotic Fragility of Red Cells 17. Determination of Bleeding Time and Coagulation Time 18. Platelet Count
Section II: Human and Clinical Practicals General Principles of Clinical Examination 19. General Examination
Respiratory System 20. Stethography 21. Clinical Examination of the Respiratory System 22. Effect of Posture on Vital Capacity
Cardiovascular System 23. Electrocardiography 24. Clinical Examination of the Radial Pulse 25. Measurement of Blood Pressure 26. Effect of Posture on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate 27. Effect of Exercise on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate 28. Clinical Examination of the Cardiovascular System
Nervous System 29. Clinical Examination of the Sensory System 30. Clinical Examination of the Motor System 31. Clinical Examination of the Cranial Nerves
Special Senses 32. Perimetry 33. Visual Acuity 34. Colour Vision 35. Hearing Tests 36. Examination of Taste and Smell
Section III: Amphibian Experiments Experiments on Frog’s Nerve and Muscle 37. Appliances 38. Nerve-Muscle Preparation 39. Simple Muscle Twitch 40. Effect of Temperature on Simple Muscle Twitch 41. Genesis of Tetanus 42. Genesis of Fatigue Experiments on Frog’s Heart and Blood Vessels 43. Normal Cardiogram of Frog 44. Effect of Temperature on Frog’s Heart 45. Effect of Stannius Ligatures on Frog’s Heart
Experiments on Frog’s Nervous System 46. Postural Reflexes in the Frog
Index of Normal Values Bibliography Index